Wed Oct 09 2024
Shai (Deshe) Wyborski(This post is part of the Understanding GHOSTDAG [https://kasmedia.com/article/understanding-ghostdag-intro] series) We are finally set to define the security of a blockDAG protocol. It turns out th...
Sun Oct 06 2024
Shai (Deshe) Wyborski(This post is part of the Understanding GHOSTDAG [https://kasmedia.com/article/understanding-ghostdag-intro] series) So far, we mostly assumed that a majority of the miners is honest. That is, that t...
Sat Sep 28 2024
Shai (Deshe) WyborskiFINAL UPDATE Toni decided to respond to this post with his on-brand oblivious aggressiveness. As you can see in the comments, the “discussion” quickly devolved to open threats, culminating in an expl...
Thu Sep 12 2024
Shai (Deshe) Wyborski(This post is part of the Understanding GHOSTDAG [https://kasmedia.com/article/understanding-ghostdag-intro] series) The blockChain paradigm reduces designing a proof-of-work consensus protocol to im...
Thu Sep 12 2024
Shai (Deshe) Wyborski(This post is part of the Understanding GHOSTDAG [https://kasmedia.com/article/understanding-ghostdag-intro] series) 1. A strong connectivity component in a directed graph is a set of vertices such ...
Tue Sep 10 2024
Shai (Deshe) Wyborski(This post is part of the Understanding GHOSTDAG [https://kasmedia.com/article/understanding-ghostdag-intro] series) 1. * Prove that no chain selection rule can satisfy the first attempt at defin...
Tue Sep 10 2024
Shai (Deshe) Wyborski(This post is part of the Understanding GHOSTDAG [https://kasmedia.com/article/understanding-ghostdag-intro] series) 1. Draw all rooted trees with exactly five vertices. 2. Show that a rooted ...
Tue Sep 10 2024
Shai (Deshe) Wyborski(This post is part of the Understanding GHOSTDAG [https://kasmedia.com/article/understanding-ghostdag-intro] series) 1. Can you devise a BFT algorithm that is secure against one out of seven malicio...
Mon Sep 09 2024
Shai (Deshe) WyborskiBefore discussing the BlockDAG paradigm, we need to talk about DAGs. A directed acyclic graph is an abstract mathematical notion explored by mathematicians, computer scientists, and even physicists lo...
Fri Sep 06 2024
Shai (Deshe) Wyborski(This post is part of the Understanding GHOSTDAG [https://kasmedia.com/article/understanding-ghostdag-intro] series) PREFACE When Kaspa launched almost three years ago, I found myself in an awkward...
Thu Sep 05 2024
Shai (Deshe) Wyborski(This post is part of the Understanding GHOSTDAG [https://kasmedia.com/article/understanding-ghostdag-intro] series) In this post, we dive in some depth into the mathematics of proving Bitcoin’s secu...
Wed Sep 04 2024
Shai (Deshe) Wyborski(This post is part of the Understanding GHOSTDAG [https://kasmedia.com/article/understanding-ghostdag-intro] series) This post is mainly dedicated to a subtle phenomenon called selfish mining, a very...
Mon Sep 02 2024
Shai (Deshe) Wyborski(This post is part of the Understanding GHOSTDAG [https://kasmedia.com/article/understanding-ghostdag-intro] series) Safety and liveness are properties defined in terms of the asymptotics of confiden...
Thu Aug 29 2024
Shai (Deshe) Wyborski(This post is part of the Understanding GHOSTDAG [https://kasmedia.com/article/understanding-ghostdag-intro] series) One way to define the contrast between safety and liveness is that the former mean...
Thu Aug 29 2024
Shai (Deshe) Wyborski(This post is part of the Understanding GHOSTDAG [https://kasmedia.com/article/understanding-ghostdag-intro] series) The safety property of blockChains is a statement about how quickly the confidence...
Mon Aug 26 2024
Shai (Deshe) Wyborski(This post is part of the Understanding GHOSTDAG [https://kasmedia.com/article/understanding-ghostdag-intro] series) Truly understanding blockChain and blockDAGs, to the extent you could make your ow...
Sun Aug 25 2024
Shai (Deshe) Wyborski(This post is part of the Understanding GHOSTDAG [https://kasmedia.com/article/understanding-ghostdag-intro] series) Many people “know” that a blockChain protocol is “secure” if “transactions cannot ...
Sun Aug 25 2024
Shai (Deshe) Wyborski(This post is part of the Understanding GHOSTDAG [https://kasmedia.com/article/understanding-ghostdag-intro] series) Armed with the blockChain paradigm, we can now easily manufacture many blockChain ...
Sun Aug 25 2024
Shai (Deshe) Wyborski(This post is part of the Understanding GHOSTDAG [https://kasmedia.com/article/understanding-ghostdag-intro] series) Your mental image of Bitcoin probably goes something like this: miners discover bl...
Sun Aug 25 2024
Shai (Deshe) Wyborski(This post is part of the Understanding GHOSTDAG [https://kasmedia.com/article/understanding-ghostdag-intro] series) It is “common knowledge” that many people have that PoW is “better than” BFT, beca...
Sun Aug 25 2024
Shai (Deshe) Wyborski(This post is part of the Understanding GHOSTDAG [https://kasmedia.com/article/understanding-ghostdag-intro] series) Before we start, do me a favor and forget everything you ever heard about PoW. Mos...
Thu Aug 15 2024
Shai (Deshe) Wyborski(This post is part of the Understanding GHOSTDAG [https://kasmedia.com/article/understanding-ghostdag-intro] series) Before we can talk about the blockChain paradigm, we need to clear up a few points...
Not only does Kaspa solve the Blockchain Trilemma, but it also solves another trilemma: the Money Trilemma. The Money Trilemma claims that a form of money can only provide and maintain two of the three properties at any given time: a store of value (or salability across time), a medium of exchange (or salability across space), and a unit of account (or salability across scale). No form of money has solved this trilemma until now, with Kaspa creating the world's first perfect form of money.
Tue Aug 13 2024
Shai (Deshe) Wyborski(This post is part of the Understanding GHOSTDAG [https://kasmedia.com/article/understanding-ghostdag-intro] series) This post aims to kick off the discussion on familiar grounds. Toward this end, I ...
Sun Aug 11 2024
Shai (Deshe) WyborskiUnderstanding GHOSTDAG is an open book I started writing in July 2024. The book is divided into five parts: * The fundamentals of decentralized consensus, proof of work, block chains and blockDAGs...
Sat May 04 2024
Nicholas SismilThe Masters are coming! They are Mastering Time! A famous impossibility result in distributed systems theory formally proved that a protocol cannot achieve a partially synchronous communication model with a fault tolerance bound of ½. However, Kaspa’s future consensus model, DAGKNIGHT, solves this problem, a feat unachievable by any other protocol, including Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Classical BFT models. Solving such a result entails a strong form of correctness while modeling the real world (i.e., internet latency), — and thereby creating a master of time.
